Toxicological Effects of Dichlorvos Treated Bean Diets on Some Biochemical Indices and Liver Histology in Albino Wistar Rats

Abstract

Food poisoning caused by agricultural pesticides poses a significant global health risk, particularly in developing countries. This study examined biochemical and histological alterations in Wistar rats fed with diets containing dichlorvos-treated beans. Freshly harvested beans were categorized into ten different groups. Group 1 (control) and groups 2–10 (treated with dichlorvos). The beans sample in each group received different doses: high doses (8ml/4kg, groups 2, 5, 8), medium (4ml/4kg, 3, 6, 9), and low (2ml/4kg, 4, 7 and 10). Groups 2-4 were un-parboiled, while 5-7 were parboiled. Groups 8, 9, and 10 contained a 1:1 mixture of un-parboiled and parboiled beans. After six months of storage, the beans were ground to powder, mixed with rat feed, and administered for 28 days. Rats were euthanized via mild chloroform inhalation, and blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. The liver was excised and preserved in 10% formaldehyde for histopathological assessment. Results indicated significant (p<0.05) increases in AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, and urea, while albumin (ALB) and total protein levels declined in Groups 2-4 and IV compared to the control. Elevated AST, ALT, and ALP levels, severe centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis, lobular necrosis and inflammation, and mild portal congestion of the liver suggest are indices of compromised structural integrity and myocardial infarction.