Protective Effects of Jobelyn® Against Lead-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicity and Haematological Alterations in Male Mice

Abstract

Lead exposure remains a major public-health concern due to its oxidative and inflammatory capacity to disrupt hepatic, renal, and haematological function. Jobelyn® (JB), a polyphenol-rich extract from Sorghum bicolor leaf sheath with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has not previously been evaluated in lead-induced systemic toxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of Jobelyn® on lead-induced hepatorenal and haematological alterations in male mice. Twenty male Swiss mice (22–30 g) were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 5) and treated orally for seven days: control (distilled water, 2 mL/kg), lead acetate (100 mg/kg), and lead acetate (100 mg/kg) co-administered with Jobelyn® (50 or 100 mg/kg). Lead exposure significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (68.8 ± 3.88 U/L, p < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (36.0 ± 0.84 U/L, p < 0.01), alkaline phosphatase (99.87 ± 3.74 U/L, p < 0.01), urea (39.13 ± 1.33 mg/dL, p < 0.01), creatinine (0.57 ± 0.03 mg/dL, p < 0.01), white blood cell count (6.05 ± 0.16 × 10⁹/L, p < 0.01), neutrophils (71.6 ± 3.61%, p < 0.01), and lymphocytes (63.8 ± 1.39%, p < 0.05), while red blood cell count (4.54 ± 0.18 × 10¹²/L, p < 0.01), packed cell volume (30.8 ± 1.11%, p < 0.01), and haemoglobin (9.42 ± 0.29 g/dL, p < 0.01) decreased versus control. Co-treatment with Jobelyn® improved these parameters dose-dependently, with the 100 mg/kg dose producing the greatest amelioration (p < 0.05 vs lead group). These findings suggest that Jobelyn® exert hepatorenal and haematological protection against lead toxicity in mice.