Haemostatic Disorder and Thrombotic Risk inHaemostatic Disorder and Thrombotic Risk in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients at UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo Chronic Hepatitis B Patients at UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global health burden, causing liver damage and throws off haemostatic balance, putting patients at risk for thrombosis and bleeding. A total of 120 study subjects between the ages of 18-64 years old, comprised of 80 confirmed chronic HBV patients and 40 healthy individuals (as control) attending UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo were enrolled into this study. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR), and platelet indices (PLT, MPV, PDW, PCT) were measured using Mindray BC-5000 analyzer following established protocols. Data obtained from the patients were subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Version 26. Parameters with P≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. HBV patients had substantially longer PT (15.1 ± 0.9 s vs. 13.4 ± 5.2 s, p≤0.001) and higher INR (1.22 ± 0.09 vs. 1.01 ± 0.07, p≤0.001), and slightly greater MPV, PDW, and PCT but lower PLT counts. There was no significant difference in aPTT. 18.5% of patients experienced abnormal bleeding, which was associated with greater PT and INR (p≤0.05). Disease duration had an unfavourable relationship with PLT (r = –0.32) and a weak positive correlation with PT (r = 0.28). Prolonged PT/INR, thrombocytopaenia, and elevated platelet activation indices are signs of a complicated haemostatic imbalance initiated by chronic HBV infection. This is known as "rebalanced haemostasis," and it is accompanied by bleeding and thrombotic risk. To enhance results, HBV management strategies should incorporate routine coagulation monitoring.