Effects of Aqueous Extract of Chanca Piedra (Phyllanthus niruri) on Haematological Parameters and Blood Glucose Levels in Albino Mice

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effects of the aqueous extract of Chanca Piedra (Phyllanthus niruri) on haematological parameters and blood glucose levels in healthy albino mice. Twenty mice were divided into four groups (A, B, C and D), each containing five mice. Group A (control) were orally administered distilled water, while groups B, C and D received oral gavage of graded doses of 200 mg, 400 mg, and 800 mg of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus niruri, respectively, for 28 days. Blood glucose levels of the mice in each group were measured before (pre-treatment), and at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours after extract administration. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein using a capillary tube on day 1 (pre-treatment), 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Samples were analysed for haematological parameters (Hb, PCV, RBC and WBC) using standard procedures. The data generated were statistically analyzed and results were presented as mean ± SD. The results revealed that the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus niruri had a dose-dependent effect on reducing blood glucose levels in healthy albino mice. The 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg doses caused significant reductions across time points, with the highest dose showing the most potent effect at 4 hours (113.4±29.51 from 144.2 ± 38.04) post extract administration. The data revealed that Phyllanthus niruri has a dose-dependent effect on blood glucose levels and Hb, PCV, RBC and WBC count of the albino mice, with higher doses leading to greater reductions, particularly after 4 weeks.